According to the notes of my NIV Thomas Nelson Bible, James wrote his letter mainly to the Jewish Christ believers, because there is no mention of slavery or idolatry, and the letter reflects Jewish thought and expressions. It is estimated that he wrote his letter between AD 46-49. James was concerned about these believers from succumbing to impatience, bitterness, materialism, disunity and spiritual apathy. He addressed these issues in his letter in practical ways. James continued to be a practicing or traditional Jew and so there is an emphasis on works in his letter.
I like how the notes explain that Romans 4 and James 2 are just two sides of the same coin.
Paul writes in Romans that we are justified before God through faith, while James writes that our works are evidence of this faith before people. It makes sense to me that Christians obey and do works of faith not to earn salvation or justification, that is already given through Christ, but the works Christian do comes out of a thankful heart of receiving this gift.
Here's my chapter summary list.
1. Persevere. All good gifts are from God. Human anger is flawed. Listen and obey.
2. Faith = Works. Believing God exists is not enough. Even demons believe that.
3. Watch what you say. Watch what's in your heart.
4. Our desires causes arguments. Submit to God. Resit the devil. Do the good you know you should do. No promise of tomorrow. Confess your sins to one another.
